Rheumatology Mulquatro Assignment

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Diabetic Retinopathy (DR)

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Hemophilia

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Buerger's Disease

Health Promotions

Visit dentist regularly to avoid gum disease that may occur with Buerger's disease.

Attempt to get at least 30 minutes of aerobic activity in a day.

Patient should completely curtail smoking. This includes avoiding secondhand smoke.

Treatment/Management

Hyperbaric oxygen treatment - this is to assist with wound healing from diabetes.

NSAID's

Symptomatic management with calcium-channel blockers/vasodilation medication

No cure

Signs

Gangrene

Muscle cramps

Skin color and texture changes

Painful sores on the hands and feet

Symptoms

Raynaud's Phenomenon

Waxing and waning pain that subsides with rest after exercise.

Pale-bluish hands and feet

Numbness and tingling of the hands and feet

Special Tests

Allen's Test

Pathophysiology

Affects small to medium and dense veins with associated dense polymorphonuclear leukocyte aggregation.

Genetics

Autoimmune - Not completely understood.

Epidemiology

Ashkenazi Jew, Indian, Korean, and Japanese, Age 20-45, 3:1 ratio affected males to females

Etiology

Exact etiology is unknown, but smoking contributes to the development